- Cash Conversion Cycle formula: CCC = DSO + DIO − DPO. Working Capital funding gap: Revenue × (CCC ÷ 365). Source: Gitman, L.J. (1974), Estimating Corporate Liquidity Requirements.
- Financing instrument thresholds based on UK Finance SME lending data 2024 and British Business Bank Small Business Finance Markets Report 2024.
- Risk tier classification adapted from Atradius Payment Practices Barometer SME 2024 and ICAEW Business Finance Guide 2024.
- CFPB 1033 / PSD3 open banking data signals — see T243 Open Finance Credit Signal Mapper for underwriting improvement modelling.
The Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) measures how long cash is tied up in your operating cycle — from paying suppliers to collecting from customers.
= AR Days (DSO)
+ Inventory Days (DIO)
− AP Days (DPO)
A positive CCC means your business is funding a gap: you pay suppliers before customers pay you. A negative CCC (common in subscription or pre-payment models) means customers fund your operations.
The Working Capital Funding Gap translates the CCC into a cash amount:
Benchmark reference: UK SMEs in manufacturing average 45–65 CCC days; services firms 20–40 days; retail 10–30 days. [2] UK Finance SME Report 2024
Policy Mandate — this tool outputs a validated Policy Mandate JSON funding profile, usable as an agent instruction set for open banking and fintech lending integrations.
Cross-links: For a full 13-week cash flow stress model use Tool 89. For revenue-based finance economics see T244.